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{{quote|Spren appear when something changes—when fear appears, or when it begins to rain. They are the heart of change, and therefore the heart of all things.| [[Hesina]] to [[Kaladin]]{{ref|b|sa1|c|37}}}}
'''Spren''' are fragments of the [[Adonalsium|powers of creation]] that have since then gained sentience due to human intervention on [[Roshar]].{{ref|b|sa2|c|3}} They are vastly varied in their
They dwell mostly in the [[Cognitive Realm]]. It is where the powers of creation come alive, shaped and given cognizance by the ideas and concepts of collective experience of sentient creatures being personified as an external entity over time into spren. They have their own societies, politics and cities there. Though the [[Shadesmar]] was built by humans and other sentient species, the spren shape, rule, and live there.{{ref|b|sa2|c|1}} The transition of spren into the [[Physical Realm]] leaves holes in their memories,{{ref|b|sa2|i|9}} impairs their cognitive functions in some ways,
Spren being far more extensive and numerous than the [[Seon]]s and the [[Skaze]], Splinters of [[Devotion]] and [[Dominion]] respectively, is one of the reasons Roshar does not have the same problem with travelling to the Cognitive Realm on [[Sel]], even though Honor is [[Splintering|Splintered]] just like the other two Shards. On Roshar, spren act as a "release valve" for the uncontrolled power of the Honor.{{ref|?|944|7| Does Roshar have a similar problem, with Honor being Splintered?}}
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There are said to be thousands of different kinds of spren, each named for a different type of phenomenon.{{ref|b|sa1|c|49}} There are actually several different varieties of spren. Everything has a "spren" based on how it is viewed cognitively and how long it has been viewed that way.{{ref|b|sa1|c|37}} These spren are the cognitive aspects of objects in the Physical Realm and can be "spoken to" in the [[Cognitive Realm]]. [[Soulcasting]] works by "bribing" this type of spren with [[Stormlight]].{{ref|b|sa1|c|48}} The other main variety of spren are those that manifest in the Physical Realm and are the ones people most often interact with. They are the personification of certain cognitive ideals and concepts, such as natural forces or emotions.<ref name=poopspren /> These cognitive ideals are similar to those that determine the appearances of the [[Returned]] on [[Nalthis]] and the plausibility of [[Forgery| Forgeries]] on Sel and are based off of human perception.{{ref|?|979|165| Are the changing beauty standards of Returned and the "plausibility" of Forgeries determined by the same kind of "cognitive ideals or concepts which have taken on literal personification over time" that some types of Spren represent?}}{{ref|?|979|7| You have mentioned that certain spren are an embodiment of concepts. How does that work for the concepts like honor, that can mean opposite things to different culture groups?}}
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